Categories of increased risk for diabetes prediabetes

FPG 100 me/dl (5.6 mmol/L) to 125 mg/dL (6.9 mmol/L) (IFG)

OR

2-h PG in the 75-g OGTT 140 mg/dL (7.8 mmol/L) to 199 mg/dL (11.0 mmol/L} (IGT)

OR

A1C 5.7-6.4% (39-46 mmol/mol)

*For all three tests, risk is continuous, extending below the lower limit of the range and

becoming disproportionately greater at the higher end of the range.

¢ A1C between 5.7 and 6.0% had a substantially

increased risk of diabetes with 5-year incidences

ranging from 9-25%.

¢ An A1C range of 6.0 to 6.5% had a 5-year risk of

developing diabetes between 25 to 50% and relative

risk 20 times higher compared with an AlCof 5.0%

Guidelines for Screening for Type 2 Diabetes

Testing to assess risk for future diabetes in asymptomatic people should be considered in adults of any age who are overweight or obese (BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2 or ≥ 23 kg/m2 in Asian Americans) and who have one or more additional risk factors for diabetes. 

 • For all patients, testing should begin at age 45 years.  

If tests are normal, repeat test at a minimum of 3- year intervals.  

To test for prediabetes, fasting plasma glucose, 2-h plasma glucose after 75-g oral glucose tolerance test, and A1C are equally appropriate. 

In patients with prediabetes, identify and treat other cardiovascular disease risk factors.  •

 Testing should be considered in children and adolescents who are overweight or obese and who have two or more additional risk factors for diabetes 

Diagnosis of Diabetes Mellitus

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If two different tests (such as A1C and FPG) are both above the diagnostic thresholds, the diagnosis of diabetes is confirmed

If the results of two different tests are discordant, the test whose result is above the diagnostic cut point should be repeated, and the diagnosis is made on the basis of the confirmed test